09.17
肾结石是晶体物质(如钙、草酸、尿酸、胱氨酸等)在肾脏的异常聚积所致,
为泌尿系统的常见病、多发病,男性发病多于女性,多发生于青壮年,
左右侧的发病率无明显差异,90%含有钙,其中草酸钙结石最常见。
40%~75%的肾结石患者有不同程度的腰痛。结石较大,移动度很小,表现为腰部酸胀不适,
或在身体活动增加时有隐痛或钝痛。较小结石引发的绞痛,常骤然发生腰腹部刀割样剧烈疼痛,
呈阵发性。泌尿系统任何部位均可发生结石但常始发于肾,肾结石形成时多位于肾盂或肾盏,
可排入输尿管和膀胱,输尿管结石几乎全部来自肾脏。
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