In America, most women, including wives and mothers, work most of their lives.
But until recently, few have had real careers.
As in Japan, most fields are dominated by men
and opportunities for women have been restricted,
salaries low, chances for promotion rare.
American women work mainly because they have to.
In these days of inflation and expensive living,
only one income per family is simply not enough.
So American women actually have two jobs: one outside the home,
and the other round-the-clock job such as wife, cook and nurse.